Steam superheating system for marine boilers



Jam 29, 1924. 1,481,883

J. P. BADENHAUSEN STEAM SUPERHEATING SYSTEM FOR MARINE BOILERS FiledMarch 25 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l j INVENTOR WITNESS A TTORNEYS jam 2% m4;mawm J. P. BADENHAUSEN STEAM SUPERHE A' IiNG SYSTEM FOR MARINE BOILERSFzgledflarch 25, 1919 2 sheets Sheea '2 Egg. c5,

WITNE$$ ATTORNEYS Patented an. 29, 1924.

uuirao STATES PATENT ornce.

JOHN P. BADENHAUSEN; F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

'STEAM-SUPERHEATING SYSTEM FOR MARINE BOILERS.

Application and Lima 25, 1919. Serial no. 285,028.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN P. BADEN HAUSEN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in thecity of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia,State of Pennsylvania,

have invented certain new and'useful Improvements in\ Steam-SuperheatingSystems for Marine Boilers, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, form in a part hereof.

y invention relates to a superheatin system as applied to marine boilersan has for its main objectthe constructing and arranging of a superheatisystem whereby the heating units thereo i'nay be located in the hottestpart of the'combustion chamber, rather than nested in the flue tubes, inorder that a greater degree of superheat may be secured.

Anothervobject is to so construct arrange the system whereby steam shallat all times remain in the umts of the systems, notwithstanding that thethrottle at times may be closed, with the effect of protecting the unitsfrom the burning and other destructive efiects of the hot gases actingupon the 'units.

Another object is to secure the safety 39: valve to the main steam line,leading from the superheating 'imits between the latter and the throttlein order that the safety valve shall act as a relief means for anypossible excess ressure that may arise in 5; the heating unlts at thetime when the throttle is .dlosed.

the superheatlng units within the chamber through which the hot gasesfrom the fire box pass before they enter. the fire tubes and also toavoid the'disadvantages arising in the old form of superheating systemwherein the superheating units are nested within the fire tubes of theboiler.

For the purpose of carrying out my invention I have shown in theaccompanying drawing one embodiment thereof and referring to saiddrawing in which reference characters are used to designate correspondinparts in the vario'usfigures,

ig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a conventional type ofmarine boiler, showing the adaptation of my im- 'provement thereto; v 55Fig. 2 is a transverse sectionalview showing the disposition of thesuperheating units in the hot gas chamber, taken on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 3- 3 of 1 includinga top plan view of the superheating units.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 4--4 of Fig. 1showing the superheating units in vertical elevation.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing I have shown thereon ausual form of marine boiler 1 the upper portion of which is providedwith a plurality of fire or flue tubes 2 and in the lower portion ofwhich are located the usual fire boxes 3 in which are included the usualgrates 4 and the bridges 5. At the rear portion of the. Y boiler arealso located the hot gas combustionchambers 6. Theisuperheating system,forming the subject-matter of-my invention, comprises conduits 7 leadingfrom the upper interior portion of the boiler to compartments 8 inheaders 9 located in the combustion chamber 6. From the compartments 8of these headers 9 lead banks of tubes 10 in looped or iliverted U-shapeor form extending to the upper portion of the chambers 6 and returnin tosecond headers 11 located adjacent to e first headers 9.. A second setof tubes'12 leads from these headers 11 to the second compartments 13 ofthe headers 9 from which finally lead conduits 14 to the outside of theboiler, the same passing through the thimbles 15 traversing the waterleg 16 of the boiler 1. -By

v such means the steam in passing succes- It is the object of myinvention to locate sively through these groups of tubes receivesprogressive superheat. The external end of the conduits '14 are providedwith fittings 17 from which the steam lines 18 lead upwardly to aconnecting fitting 17' and thence-by a steam line section 17" and I across fitting 19 secured to the top of the boiler 1. This cross fittingmaybe surmounted by any suitable form of safety valve 20 and may beconnected throng a lateral port thereof to the main stem ltine 21leading to a throttle of any suitable cm.

As the gases'or volatile constituents pass from the fire box through thecombustion chambers 6 at which time they are practically at theirhighest temflperature, heat will be more \readily and e cientlyextracted therefrom, for heating the steam no through the loops or units11 and 12, prior to the entry of the gases into the fire tubes 2 of theboiler.

It will be thus seen from the above that the steam flowing into the openinlet ends of the pipes 7 passes into the header 9 to the units or tubes10 which extend uprightly in the combustion chamber 6 at points wherethe gases from the fire boxes are at about their highest temperature sothat the steam is moreefiectively superheated than if the tubes weredisposed within the fire tubes of the boiler. Furthermore, it will alsobe seen from the above by so arranging the tube units in the combustionchamber in the passage of the hot gases or volatile constituents as theyissue from the fire boxes, rather than nesting the units within the firetubes, that free and unimpeded passage of the hot gases through the firetubes is permitted. This also permits the use of smaller fire tubes,whereby increased volume capacity of the boiler is obtained; In any formof super heating system where the heating units are disposed within thefire tubes it necessarily follows that to be of any utility it wouldre.- quire or necessitate making the fire tubes of appreciably largerdiameter in order to enclose such units as well as to provide therequisite passage for the flue gases for the proper operation of theboiler. This obviously reduces the volume capacity of the boiler.Moreover. by heating the units within the fire tubes increasedresistance is offered to the passages of the flue gases, a disadvantageabsolutely avoided in the improvement herein described.

Therefore, by locating the superheating units in the chambers 6 all ofthe disadvantages mentioned are overcome and, a higher degree ofsuperheat is also obtained than that available in the fire tubes.

In the event that the throttle is entirely closed the steam will stillremain in the superheating system to protect the same from thedestructive effects of the hot gases and in case that the pressurewithin the superheating units is increased considerably such pressurewill be released by the safety valve, connected in the steam line, andpermit the inflow of fresh steam into the superheating units, therebycontinuing the protection thereof. The fitting 11 is merely secured tothe top of the boiler and does not communicate therewith except throughthe superheating system.

In addition to the above a small connection 22 in which is'provided ahand valve 23 is adapted to establish connection from the fitting 17 tothe water leg 16 of the boiler.

The-purpose of this attachment is that when first starting up the boilerthe valve 23 may be initially opened to permit the water in the boilerto flow through the connectioh 22 into the fitting 17 to the pipe 14 andfinally into menses closed.

While I have disclosed one embodiment of my invent-ion it is to beunderstood that the latter is not limited to the particular detailsherein described and shown but that it may comprehend other andequivalent structures as may come within the spirit of my invention andthe scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. In a steam generating system comprising a boiler having fire tubes, afire box, a bridge, a combustion chamber, a water leg, and a crown sheetat the upper end ofsaid combustion chamber, the combination of a headerlocated in said combustion chamber parallel and close to, and justbelowthe top of said bridge, a second header provided with two chambersand arranged close and parallel to said first header, a conduit leadingfrom the steam space in said boiler directly through said 'crown'sheetto one of said compartments of said second header, a series of tubesextending from said compartment upwardly in said combustion chamber to apoint close to said crown sheet and thence downwardly past the open endsof said fire tubes to said first header, a second series of tubesleading from said first header upwardly past the open ends of said firetubes to a point near said crown sheet and thence downwardly to thesecond compartment of said second header and a conduit leading from saidsecond compartment rearwardly through the said water leg to the rear ofthe boiler and thence to the point of consumption.

2. In a steam generating system com rising a boiler having fireztubes, afire ox,

a bridge, a combustion chamber, and-a crown sheet at the upper end ofsaid combustion chamber, the combination of a header, located in said.combustion chamber parallel and close to, and just below the top of saidbridge, a second header provided with two chambers and arranged closeand parallel to said first header, a conduit leading from the steamspace in said boiler directly through said crown sheet to one of saidcompartments of said second header, a-series of tubes extending fromsaid compartment upwardly in said combustion chamber to a point close tosaid crown'sheet and thence downwardly past the open ends of said fire"tubes to said first header, a second series of tubes leading from saidfirst header upwardly past the'open ends of said fire tubes.

' menses to a point near said crown sheetend thence downwardly to thesecond compartment of said second heeder,e conduit leading from saidsecond compartment rearwardly to the outside of the boiler and thenceto, the point of consumption, and means operative when the superheatedsteam is not being drawn ed for consumption and the temperature of thesteam is high to cause a flow of steam from said boiler through saidtubes.

3. In a steam generating system comprising a boiler having fire tubes, afire box, a bridge, e combustion chamber, a water leg, and a crown sheetat the upper end of said combustion chamber, the combination of a headerlocated in said combustion chamber parallel and close to, and just belowthe top of said bridge, a second header provided with two chambers andarranged close and parallel to said firstheadcr, e conduit leading fromthe steam space in said boiler directly through said crown. sheet to oneof said compartments of said mcond header, a series of tubes extendingfrom said compartment upwardly in said combustion chamber to a pointclose to said crown sheet end thence downwardly past the open ends rearof said boiler and thence to the point of consumption.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand this 24th day of March, 1919.

JUHN P. BADENHAUSEN.

